These glands make digestive enzymes, hydrochloric acid, mucus and bicarbonate. Gastric juice is made up of digestive enzymes, hydrochloric acid and other substances that are important for absorbing nutrients – about 3 to 4 liters of gastric juice are produced per day. How is stomach acid formed? Gastric acid secretionRead More →
Most animals have three major pairs of salivary glands that differ in the type of secretion they produce: parotid glands produce a serous, watery secretion. submaxillary (mandibular) glands produce a mixed serous and mucous secretion. sublingual glands secrete a saliva that is predominantly mucous in character. Does the submandibular glandRead More →
The first step of chromatin structure duplication is the synthesis of histone proteins: H1, H2A, H2B, H3, H4. These proteins are synthesized during S phase of the cell cycle. There are different mechanisms which contribute to the increase of histone synthesis. How are histones made? Each nucleosome is made ofRead More →
While sabudana may not be good for weight loss, it’s good for gaining weight. It’s high in carbs, yet low in fat, making it a healthier choice for weight gain. It helps you to avoid adverse effects associated with eating too much fat, such as the increased risk of heartRead More →
Parathyroid hormone is secreted from four parathyroid glands, which are small glands in the neck, located behind the thyroid gland. Parathyroid hormone regulates calcium levels in the blood, largely by increasing the levels when they are too low. What does parathyroid hormone-related peptide do? Parathyroid hormone‒related peptide (PTHrP) regulates fetal‒placentalRead More →
Thrombopoietin is the primary regulator of normal platelet production. TPO is a 94 kD protein primarily made in the liver and secreted into the circulation; there is no storage form. Where are thrombocytes produced? Platelets, or thrombocytes, are small, colorless cell fragments in our blood that form clots and stopRead More →
Estriol is produced by the placenta by the conversion of 16-hydroxy-dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate to androgens, which are subsequently aromatized to estriol. It has been hypothesized that impaired or reduced activity of placental sulfatase may lower the mid-trimester maternal levels of estriol. Where is estradiol produced? The hormone is made primarily inRead More →
Disaccharidases are glycoside hydrolase enzymes found in the intestinal brush border that are responsible for the breakdown of disaccharides into monosaccharides. What produces maltase sucrase and lactase? The brush border membrane produces four disaccharidases that are important in carbohydrate digestion. These enzymes are sucrase-isomaltase, maltase-glucoamylase, trehalase, and lactase-phlorizin hydrolase. Worldwide,Read More →
During spermatogenesis, each spermatogonial cell gives rise to 512 sperms. After a series of mitotic divisions, each spermatogonium gives rise to 128 primary spermatocytes (diploid). … The secondary spermatocytes undergo a second meiotic division to form 512 spermatids (haploid). What is the spermatozoon structure? Structurally the spermatozoa of the head,Read More →
Mettler: This thread is famous for its long staple spools (that means they’re spun from super-long strands of cotton – making this thread very strong and and less prone to breakage.) Get back to the basics with some popular colors, and a smooth, silk finish with their 100% cotton thread.Read More →