Vibrio cholerae is a gram-negative, comma-shaped rod belonging to the family Vibrionaceae. Its natural habitat consists of fresh-water and salt-water environments. Based on differences in the composition of the major cell wall antigen (O), 139 serotypes have been differentiated. How does cholera affect the cell membrane? The cholera toxin affectsRead More →
Anisole appears as a clear straw-colored liquid with an aromatic odor. Insoluble in water and the same density as water. Vapors heavier than air. Moderately toxic by ingestion. Which is phenetole? Ethyl phenyl ether or phenetole is an organic compound that is an ether. Ethyl phenyl ether has the sameRead More →
A pilus (Latin for “hair;” plural: pili) is a hairlike appendage found on the surface of many bacteria. The terms pilus and fimbria (Latin for “thread” or “fiber,” plural: fimbriae ) can be used interchangeably, although some researchers reserve the term pilus for the appendage required for bacterial conjugation. AreRead More →
Solving NMR Structures Step by Step. Solving NMR Structures Step by Step. … °unsaturation = pi−bonds +rings= C+1− H + X −N. … … ∑ hint: four or more °unsaturation often implies the presence of an aromatic ring. … ≈ δ 7.0- 8.0 ppm => aromatic. … Look atRead More →
It is the natural environment in which an organism lives, or the physical environment that surrounds (influences and is utilized by) a species population. What is a pattern in ecology? Patterns can exist at various scales in time and space, ranging from population abundances, through communities, ecosystems, biomes and theRead More →
The prostomium is a lobe that serves as a covering for the mouth and as a wedge to force open cracks in the soil into which the earthworm may crawl 1. The anterior section of the worm is shown in Figure 1. Another key characteristic is the clitellum, or theRead More →
Chloroplasts are a type of membrane-bound plastids that contain a network of membranes embedded into a liquid matrix and harbor the photosynthetic pigment called chlorophyll. It is this pigment that imparts a green color to plant parts and serves to capture light energy. What are the four main structures ofRead More →
The cold-worked structure forms high dislocation density regions that soon develop into networks. The grain size decreases with strain at low deformation but soon reaches a fixed size. Cold working will decrease ductility. How does cold working affect microstructure? Principally, there is a marked increase in hardness and electrical resistivityRead More →
bytes are dynamically-sized byte array and is not one of the Solidity value types. string is a dynamically-sized UTF-8-encoded string and is not a value type. What are the examples of Solidity? Solidity Examples: Main Tips When you create a Solidity subcurrency, anyone can send coins, but only the contractRead More →
The idea that everything is made of atoms was pioneered by John Dalton (1766-1844) in a book he published in 1808. He is sometimes called the “father” of atomic theory, but judging from this photo on the right “grandfather” might be a better term. Who discovered protons? It is 100Read More →